(24) When would a population have a clumped distribution and when would a population have a uniform distribution (what are the advantages and disadvantages to each distribution type)?

A. Clump distribution is when individuals occur in groups. For example, suitable habitat or other resources may be distributed as patches resulting in clump distributions. Uniform distribution is when individuals are spread apart equally. For example, when competition for resources is intense it tends to be uniform distribution.
Advantages of clump distribution are – protection from predator, raising offspring, and increasing chance of catching prey. Disadvantages are – resources are limited, competition among each other
Advantages of uniform – more resources for the individual Disadvantages -

B.A population has a clumped population when there are social interactions between the individuals. Another reason would be there are small colonies. Also when there is no distribution of seeds, like when the annual seeds just drop.
A population has a uniform population when resources are scarce and the other individuals will press the other individual out.

C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_distribution

Clumped distribution
Clumped distribution is the most common type of dispersion found in nature. In clumped distribution,the distance between neighboring individuals is minimized. This type of distribution is found in environments that is characterized by patchy resources. Clumped distribution is the most common type of dispersion found in nature because animals need certain resources to survive, and when these resources become rare during certain parts of the year animals tend to “clump” together around these crucial resources. Individuals might be clustered together in an area due to social factors such as selfish herds and family groups, for example wolves in packs. Organisms that usually serve as prey form clumped distributions in areas where they can hide and detect predators easily.
Other causes of clumped distributions are the inability of offspring to independently move from their habitat. This is seen in juvenile animals that are immobile and strongly dependent upon parental care. For example, the bald eagle's nest of eaglets exhibits a clumped species distribution because all the offspring are in a small subset of a survey area before they learn to fly. Clumped distribution can be beneficial to the individuals in that group. However, in some herbivore cases, such as cows and willdabeasts, the vegetation around them can suffer, especially if animals target one plane in particular.
Clumped distribution in species acts as a mechanism against predation as well as an efficient mechanism to trap or corner prey. African wild dogs, Lycaon pictus, use the technique of communal hunting to increase their success rate at catching prey. It has been shown that larger packs of African wild dogs tend to have a greater number of successful kills. A prime example of clumped distribution due to patchy resources is the wildlife in Africa during the dry season; lions, hyenas, giraffes, elephants, gazelles, and many more animals are clumped by small water sources that are present in the severe dry season.[1] It has also been observed that extinct and threatened species are more likely to be clumped in their distribution on a phylogeny. The reasoning behind this is that they share traits that increase vulnerability to extinction because related taxa are often located within the same broad geographical or habitat types where human-induced threats are concentrated. Using recently developed complete phylogenies for mammalian carnivores and primates it has been shown that the majority of instances threatened species are far from randomly distributed among taxa and phylogenetic clades and display clumped distribution.[2]