(2) What are the levels of ecology? Give an example of when the “flow” of these levels does not apply.

A. Individual is the basic unit of ecology. Population is formed when individuals of the same species gather together. In a given area, these groups of species (or populations) interact directly or indirectly with each other. This is called “community.” An ecosystem is an area within the natural environment when communities of species and some other physical factors of the environment function together. Finally, the biosphere is the global sum of all ecosystems.

Example:
Biosphere: the whole Earth → Ecosystem (Biome): marine ecosystem → Community: Coral reefs → Population: a group of clown fishes → Individual: a single clown fish.

B.The smallest level is the individual next is a population, followed by a community, then an ecosystem, then the biome, and finally the biosphere.

C.The levels of ecology are Individual to population to community to ecosystem to landscape to biome to biosphere. In most situations the levels of ecology follow the pattern of the first sentence sometimes it does not. An example of the flow of ecology not following that pattern is the bacteria that allow humans to digest some food. The bacteria is an individual interaction with a populace of bacterium inside of an individual the human.

D.The level range from individual, population, community, ecosystem, landscape, biome, and biosphere. (example of when the “flow” of the these levels does not apply)

E.Same as above^. The flow doesn’t apply when there is a cow which is the individual and inside the cow there is an ecosystem.